These biomaterials and medical devices including joint implants, wound dressings, catheters, cardiac pacemakers and contact lenses bring implant-associated infection, calling for an urgent need of inherent antimicrobial biomaterials and medical devices. 3 Medical devices may bring HAIs to patients in hospital. 2 According to a report in Lancet, most acute sequelae and global mortality were caused predominantly by infectious diseases. 1 The rapid emergence of antibiotic resistance in pathogenic microbes is becoming an imminent global public health problem. For example, in the US, the annual costs associated with HAIs are estimated to be up to $33 billion. Nowadays, with the rapid development of biomaterials and medical devices, health care-associated infections (HAIs) have posed severe problems on clinicians. Keywords: nanomaterials, hydrogels, nanoparticles, antibiotics, drug delivery, infection Finally, future prospects of development and application of antimicrobial hydrogels are suggested. The hydrogels loaded with metal nanoparticles as a potential method to solve antibiotic resistance were highlighted. In this review, studies from the past 5 years were reviewed, and several types of antimicrobial hydrogels according to different ingredients, different preparations, different antimicrobial mechanisms, different antimicrobial agents they contained and different applications, were summarized. Because of its high hydrophilicity, unique three-dimensional network, fine biocompatibility and cell adhesion, hydrogel is one of the suitable biomaterials for drug delivery in antimicrobial areas. Hydrogel refers to a kind of biomaterial synthesized by a water-soluble natural polymer or a synthesized polymer, which turns into gel according to the change in different signals such as temperature, ionic strength, pH, ultraviolet exposure etc. Hydrogel is a promising material for local antibacterial application. The drug delivery system should be biodegradable and prolonged antibacterial effect should be provided to satisfy clinical demand. In local application, materials need to act as the drug delivery system. Local application of antibiotics might be a solution. These habits may help you maintain your weight loss over time.įor example, the National Weight Control Registry noted that study participants who maintained a significant weight loss reported improvements in physical health as well as energy levels, physical mobility, general mood, and self-confidence.Kerong Yang, Qing Han, Bingpeng Chen, Yuhao Zheng, Kesong Zhang, Qiang Li, Jincheng Wangĭepartment of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People’s Republic of ChinaĪbstract: The rapid emergence of antibiotic resistance in pathogenic microbes is becoming an imminent global public health problem. You’ll learn new eating and physical activity habits that will help you live a healthier lifestyle. So even if the overall goal seems large, see it as a journey rather than just a final destination. While this weight may still be in the “overweight” or “obese” range, this modest weight loss can decrease your risk factors for chronic diseases related to obesity. 1įor example, if you weigh 200 pounds, a 5 percent weight loss equals 10 pounds, bringing your weight down to 190 pounds. Even modest weight loss can mean big benefitsĮven a modest weight loss of 5 to 10 percent of your total body weight is likely to produce health benefits, such as improvements in blood pressure, blood cholesterol, and blood sugars. But if you’re ready to get started, we’ve got a step-by-step guide to help get you on the road to weight loss and better health. Losing weight is not easy, and it takes commitment. Once you’ve achieved a healthy weight, rely on healthy eating and physical activity to help you keep the weight off over the long term. It’s about an ongoing lifestyle that includes healthy eating patterns and regular physical activity. Healthy weight loss isn’t just about a “diet” or “program”. But people who lose weight gradually and steadily (about 1 to 2 pounds per week) are more successful at keeping weight off. It’s natural for anyone trying to lose weight to want to lose it very quickly.

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